TYPES OF FOS

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There are many different types of figures of speech. 
 

Simile

Simile is a comparison between two objects using the words 'like,' 'as,' 'seems' or 'appears.' Example: 'My dog is like a tornado; she dashes through the house, destroying everything she touches.'
The first part contains the simile: the dog is being compared to a tornado. The second part explains the comparison. The dog is like a tornado because she destroys things wherever she goes. The use of the simile gives a better picture of the dog and adds some color to the description.
These are the examples of simile :-

  1. You were as brave as a lion.
  2. They fought like cats and dogs.
  3. He is as funny as a barrel of monkeys.
  4. This house is as clean as a whistle.
  5. He is as strong as an ox.
  6. Your explanation is as clear as mud.
  7. Watching the show was like watching grass grow.

                Metaphor


                Metaphor is a comparison between two objects without using the words listed above. Metaphors are usually stated as one object is another object. Example poem by Emily Dickinson:

                'Presentiment - is that long shadow - on the lawn -

                Indicative that Suns go down -

                The notice to the startled Grass

                That Darkness - is about to pass -'

                In this poem, Dickinson states that presentiment is a shadow. Is presentiment, which means foreboding or anxiety, literally a shadow? Of course not. Dickinson makes the comparison to give a better description of how anxiety can creep up on a person and cause fear.
                These are the examples of metaphor :-
                  
                1. The snow is a white blanket.
                2. He is a shining star.
                3. Her long hair was a flowing golden river.
                4. Tom's eyes were ice as he stared at her.
                5. The children were flowers grown in concrete gardens.
                6. Kisses are the flowers of affection.
                7. The falling snowflakes are dancers.
                8. The calm lake was a mirror.

                Hyperbole

                Hyperbole is often used to make something sound much bigger and better than it actually is or to make something sound much more dramatic.
                For example: “There’s enough food in the cupboard to feed an entire army!”

                In this example, the speaker doesn’t literally mean that there’s enough food in the cupboard to feed the hundreds of people in the army. Instead, the speaker is using hyperbole to exaggerate the amount of food that they have.
                These are examples of hyperbole :-
                1. I'm so hungry I could eat a horse.
                2. She's as old as the hills.
                3. I walked a million miles to get here.
                4. She can hear a pin drop a mile away.
                5. I died of embarrassment.
                6. He's as skinny as a toothpick.
                7. She's as tall as a beanpole.
                8. It's raining cats and dogs.

                Personification

                Personification is the projection of characteristics that normally belong only to humans onto inanimate objects, animals, deities, or forces of nature. These characteristics can include verbs of actions that only humans do or adjectives that describe a human condition. The characteristics can also be emotions, feelings, or motives given to objects incapable of thought. For example, if someone said, “the trees whispered their discontent,” this would personify the trees both as able to whisper and of feeling unhappy.
                We use many examples of personification in every day speech :-
                1. Justice is blind
                2. Her heart skipped a beat
                3. The sun smiled down on them
                4. The stars winked
                5. The party died down
                6. The city never sleeps
                7. The wind howled
                8. The iron gates looked down at them cruelly
                9. The house sighed
                10. The car sputtered and coughed before starting



                Oxymoron

                Oxymoron is a figure of speech in which two opposite ideas are joined to create an effect. The common oxymoron phrase is a combination of an adjective proceeded by a noun with contrasting meanings, For Example “cruel kindness,” or “living death”.
                Common Examples of Oxymoron :-
                1. There was a love-hate relationship between the two neighboring states.
                2. The professor was giving a lecture on virtual reality.
                3. Paid volunteers were working for the company.
                4. The channel was repeating the old news again and again.
                5. The contractor was asked to give the exact estimate of the project.
                6. A lot of soldiers have been killed in friendly fire.
                7. The doctor was absolutely unsure of the nature of his illness.
                8. All the politicians agreed to disagree.
                9. There was an employee in the office who was regularly irregular

                Apostrophe

                Apostrophe is a figure of speech sometimes represented by an exclamation, such as “Oh.” A writer or speaker, using apostrophe, speaks directly to someone who is not present or is dead, or speaks to an inanimate object.
                For Example, William Shakespeare makes use of apostrophe in his play Macbeth :
                “Is this a dagger which I see before me,
                The handle toward my hand?
                Come, let me clutch thee!
                I have thee not, and yet I see thee still.”
                In his mental conflict before murdering King Duncan, Macbeth has a strange vision of a dagger and talks to it as if it were a person.




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